FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BOLEH MEMPENGARUHI KEJAYAAN USAHAWAN DI KALANGAN ASNAF DI MALAYSIA: SATU TINJAUAN LITERATUR
(FACTORS THAT CAN AFFECT THE SUCCESS OF ENTREPRENEURS AMONG ASNAF IN MALAYSIA: A LITERATURE REVIEW)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53840/almimbar.v1i2.25Keywords:
Asnaf, zakat, usahawanAbstract
Bidang keusahawanan mempunyai potensi yang tinggi untuk mengubah keadaan sosio ekonomi masyarakat dan negara. Demi peningkatan sosio ekonomi keluarga, golongan asnaf juga tidak terkecuali dalam menceburi bidang ini. Zakat dilihat mampu untuk membantu golongan asnaf ke arah melahirkan usahawan asnaf yang berjaya. Kajian mengenai kejayaan usahawan asnaf perlu diketengahkan bagi membuktikan keberkesanan dana zakat kepada asnaf fakir dan miskin dalam masa yang sama memberi kepercayaan kepada pembayar zakar terhadap institusi zakat amnya. Kajian ini merupakan satu tinjauan daripada sorotan literatur secara sistematik berkaitan faktor-faktor yang boleh mempengaruhi kejayaan usahawan di kalangan asnaf di Malaysia. Tinjauan ini mendapati bahawa faktor luaran dan dalaman memainkan peranan penting di atas kejayaan usahawan asnaf. Faktor tersebut ialah bantuan modal, ilmu pengetahuan mengenai keusahawanan, sokongan dan bantuan daripada ahli keluarga dan rakan-rakan asnaf. Sehubungan itu, selain daripada galakan agar masyarakat terus memberi peluang kepada usahawan asnaf untuk mengubah kehidupan mereka, satu kajian emperikal dengan lebih mendalam juga perlu dilaksanakan untuk mngukuhkan lagi hasil dapatan tersebut.
The field of entrepreneurship has a high potential to change the socio -economic conditions of society and the country. For the sake of improving the socio -economy of the family, the asnaf group is also no exception in venturing into this field. Zakat is seen to be able to help the asnaf group towards producing successful asnaf entrepreneurs. Studies on the success of asnaf entrepreneurs need to be highlighted to prove the effectiveness of zakat funds to the poor and needy asnaf while at the same time giving confidence to penis payers towards zakat institutions in general. This study is a review of the literature highlights systematically related to the factors that can influence the success of entrepreneurs among asnaf in Malaysia. This survey found that external and internal factors play an important role on the success of asnaf entrepreneurs. The factors are capital assistance, knowledge of entrepreneurship, support and assistance from family members and asnaf friends. In this regard, apart from encouraging the community to continue to provide opportunities for asnaf entrepreneurs to change their lives, a more in -depth empirical study should also be conducted to further strengthen the findings.
References
Adnan, Nurul Ilyana M. (2015) "Mikro kredit daripada dana zakat di Baitul Mal Aceh dan potensi pelaksanaannya di institusi-institusi zakat di Malaysia." PhD diss., Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Azman, A. R., Mohamad Yazis Ali Basah, Mohammad Noorizzuddin Nooh, Mahdhir Abdullah, Ahmad Anis Mohd Fauzi, and Mohd Faez Abu Bakar. (2017). "Program Usahawan Bagi Memperkasakan Ekonomi Golongan Asnaf: Pemantauan daripada Aplikasi MYEMA." Journal of Fatwa Management and Research 7, 57-74.
Fatimah Salwa, A. H., Mohd Yahya, M. H., Azila, A. R., Fidlizan, M., & Mohamad Azahari, A. (2014). Faktor Penentu
Prestasi Bukan Kewangan Usahawan Asnaf Zakat di Negeri Selangor. International Conference on Masjid, Zakat and Waqf, December, 148–162.
Hadi, Fatimah Salwa Abd, and Joni Tamkin Borhan. (2014). "Faktor-Faktor Kejayaan Perniagaan Khadijah Binti Khuwailid: Analisis Terhadap Usahawan Asnaf Di Lembaga Zakat Selangor." Jurnal Syariah21, no. 2.
M. Sabri, Zainudin, Rohana, M. Ariff & Azian, (2017). Model Pembangunan Usahawan Asnaf Maidam (Puasma), dlm Proceedings of the International Conference on Islam, Development and Social Harmony in Southeast Asia, 111-124
MeeranganI, K. A., & Zaham Azman, U. K. (2019). Keberkesanan Program Pembangunan Ekonomi Asnaf Oleh Lembaga Zakat Selangor. E-Academia Journal, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.24191/e-aj.v9i2.7380
Nafukho, F. M., & Muyia, M. A. H. (2010). Entrepreneurship and socioeconomic development in Africa: a reality or myth? Journal of European Industrial Training, 34(2), 96–109. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090591011023961
Nadzri, S., Sultan, N. S. M., & Baharudin, N. A. (2016). Kecenderungan pelajar asnaf dalam menceburi dunia keusahawanan. In Proceeding of the 3rd International Conference on Management & Muamalah 2016 (3rd ICoMM) (Vol. 2016, pp. 239–260).
Nadzri, Suhaila, Suhaily Md Shamsudin, and Muhammad Firdaus Muhammad Sabri. (2014) "Faktor-faktor penyumbang kepada kejayaan dan kegagalan Perusahaan Kecil dan Sederhana (PKS) bumiputera di Malaysia." In E-procedings of the Conference on Management and Muamalah (CoMM 2014), pp. 191-200.
Nurul Ilyana,M., (2014). Pembinaan Model Zakat Mikro Kredit:Satu Kajian Awal. Dlm. Proceeding International Conference On Islamic Jurisprudence (ICIJ) 2016, Hlm. 592–597
Rahman, Rosbi Abd, and Sanep Ahmad. (2011). "Strategi Pembangunan Keusahawanan Asnaf Fakir dan Miskin melalui Agihan Bantuan Modal Zakat." Jurnal Pengurusan 33. 37-44.
Rosli Mahmood, (2010). Pembiayaan Perniagaan. Di dalam Rosli Mahmood, Azrain Nasyarah, Rosli, Mohamad Yusop, Norria, Syahrina, Ahmad Khairi, Hoe Chee Yee, Shamsul Huda, Muhammad Shukri, Shiza Sa’atur, Lily Julienti, Habshah (2nd Edition). Prinsip-prinsip Keusahawanan (pp. 229-250) Cengage Learning Asia Pte Ltd.
Suhaini, Norhasyila, & Yuslina. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejayaan usahawan kecil mara di negeri Perlis.(t.th) 1–14.
Sanep, A. (2012). Membangun Keusahawanan Asnaf : Analisis Konsep Model Pemindahan Teknologi. Prosiding Perkem Vii, 1, 709–715.
Shin, H. W., Picken, J. C., & Dess, G. G. (2017). Revisiting the learning organization: How to create it. Organizational Dynamics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2016.10.009
Suhaila,T, Shahnaz, A. & Noraini. (2012). Impak Agihan Zakat Terhadap Kualiti Hidup Asnaf Di Selangor. Proceeding Of The 2nd International Conference On Economics & Banking 2016 (May):1–6
Yaakub, Z., & Adnan, N. I. M. (2019). Faktor-faktor kejayaan usahawan ikon Majlis Agama Islam Melaka ( MAIM ). Journal of Advanced Research in Social and Behavioural Sciences, 11(1), 82–93.
Yazilmiwati@ Hasni Yaacob. (2016). Kajian Faktor Kejayaan dan Pencapaian Usahawan Muslim di Malaysia (Vol. 1).
Zhang, S. X., & Cuerto, J. (2018). The study of bias in entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 41(3), 419–454. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12212
Zuriyati Yaakub & Ilyana Adnan, (2018). Faktor-Faktor Kejayaan Usahawan Ikon Majlis Agama Islam Melaka (MAIM), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, (Vol 2018. pp 89-91)
Zakaria, F. B., & Harun, A. Bin. (2019). Skills and Success of Asnaf Entrepreneurs: Islamic Spiritual Practice as Moderators. International Journal of Accounting, Finance and Business (IJAFB), 4(24), 98–108.
Zuriyati, Y., & Nurul Ilyana, M. adnan. (2018). Faktor-Faktor Kejayaan Usahawan Ikon Majlis Agama Islam Melaka ( MAIM ) Success Factors of Majlis Agama Islam Melaka ( MAIM ) Icon Entrepreneur Akademia Baru. Journal of Advanced Research in Social and Behavioural Sciences, 1(1), 82–93.
